Integrating and Citing Sources

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What (and when) to Cite

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Citation Formatting

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Some Examples

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Advantages

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Using Quotations and Paraphrasing

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Choosing Descriptive Words to Introduce Citations

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Video Resource

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Quick Quiz

1) Should the following piece of information, taken from a real source, be quoted directly or paraphrased and cited?
‘Telomeres are specialized structures found at the natural ends of eukaryotic linear chromosomes.’
2) For the sake of this question, suppose that you chose to paraphrase and cite the previous piece of information, and that it came from a research article written by Vicki Lundblad and Jack Szostak in 1989. Which of the following is the correct style for citing this in your work when using the ‘Expanding Referencing’ style of citing?
3) Should the following piece of information, taken from a real source, be quoted directly or paraphrased and cited?
‘I’m so excited – this new discovery blows the old belief clean out of the water.’
4) For the sake of this question, suppose that you chose to paraphrase and cite the previous piece of information, and that it came from a research article written by Mitchell Tonker in 2007. Which of the following is the correct style for citing this in your work when using the ‘Expanding Referencing’ style of citing?
5) Should the following piece of information, taken from a real source, be quoted directly or paraphrased and cited?
‘Changes to the conformation of coding and non-coding RNAs form the basis of elements of genetic regulation and provide an important source of complexity, which drives many of the fundamental processes of life.’
6) For the sake of this question, suppose that you chose to paraphrase and cite the previous piece of information, and that it came from a research article written by Elizabeth A Dethoff, Katja Petzold, Jeetender Chugh, Anette Casiano-Negroni and Hasham M Al-Hashimi in 2012. Which of the following is the correct style for citing this in your work when using the ‘Expanding Referencing’ style of citing?
7) Imagine that you are writing a paper to a chemistry audience on the effects of hydrogen bonding in DNA. Do you need to include a citation to credit a source for a basic definition of what hydrogen bonding is?
8) Imagine that you have been working with a Bessel beam optical trap to determine the changes in aerosol particles in relation to relative humidity changes. As you write your paper, you decide to include background information on Bessel beam traps and previous research into the change in aerosol particles against different relative humidities. Do you need to cite these?
9) Imagine that you are doing research for a paper on the separation of chiral compounds and come across a repeated reference to ‘Pirkle phases.’ This term is new to you and it has never been discussed in class, but you have encountered references to it in several articles. You notice that each author actually cites an original article by Pirkle, the chemist for whom it was named. You include the ‘Pirkle phases’ in your paper. Do you need to cite the original paper?
10) Imagine that you are writing a newspaper article about the most devastating earthquakes of all time. Do you need to cite a source that says the Valdivia quake (the greatest magnitude in history) occurred on May 22, 1960?
Which institution (school/college/university) are you studying at?
Which course(s) are you studying?
What point of study are you at (e.g. second-year undergraduate)?

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Integrating and Citing Sources